Neurotoxicology and Environmental Impacts on Brain Function
Neurotoxicology investigates how environmental toxins, chemicals, heavy metals, and pollutants affect brain development and function. Exposure to substances such as lead, pesticides, air pollutants, and industrial chemicals has been linked to cognitive impairment, neurodevelopmental disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Advances in molecular toxicology reveal how toxic agents disrupt neurotransmitter systems, induce oxidative stress, and impair synaptic plasticity. Emerging research emphasizes gene–environment interactions and susceptibility factors influencing neurological outcomes. Biomonitoring technologies and advanced cellular models enable early detection of neurotoxic effects. Preventive public health strategies, regulatory policies, and environmental risk assessments play critical roles in reducing exposure. Understanding environmental impacts on brain health supports evidence-based interventions and global initiatives aimed at protecting vulnerable populations and promoting sustainable neurological well-being.